Köppen-Geiger climate classification · temperate

Csa — Hot-summer Mediterranean

Climate: Mild wet winters and hot dry summers.
Growing period: Winter rain supports cool-season crops; summer cropping needs irrigation.
Soils & vegetation: Varied; often calcareous soils.
Agricultural relevance: Olives, grapes, citrus, wheat, and irrigated horticulture — the classic Mediterranean cropping mix.
Where it occurs: Mediterranean basin, California, central Chile.
Classification: Köppen-Geiger (Kottek et al. 2006; Beck et al. 2018)

Limitations

Zone boundaries are climatological averages; local microclimate, elevation, and soils vary within a zone.
Membership in a broad zone does not by itself indicate crop suitability or a recommendation.

This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.