Köppen-Geiger climate classification · continental
Dfb — Warm-summer humid continental
- Climate
- Warm summers, cold winters, year-round precipitation.
- Growing period
- A shorter cool-summer season; small grains and forages predominate over long-season crops.
- Soils & vegetation
- Fertile prairie and forest-margin soils.
- Agricultural relevance
- Wheat, barley, canola, potatoes, and dairy/livestock forage.
- Where it occurs
- Canadian prairies, northern Europe, central Russia.
- Classification
- Köppen-Geiger (Kottek et al. 2006; Beck et al. 2018)
Limitations
- Zone boundaries are climatological averages; local microclimate, elevation, and soils vary within a zone.
- Membership in a broad zone does not by itself indicate crop suitability or a recommendation.
Sources
This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.
- [1]WMO — World Meteorological Organization (opens in a new tab)Authoritative
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
Cited for: Climate classification context
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12
- [2]NOAA — National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (opens in a new tab)Authoritative
U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Cited for: Climate normals context
- Type:
- Government agency
- Jurisdiction:
- United States
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12