AgricultureID

Calculator · conversion

Agricultural unit converters

Convert common agricultural units: area, mass, volume (US/Imperial), temperature, application rate, plant density, bulk density, mass and bushels, and percentage and decimal fractions.

Required

Result

Enter values to see a result.

Formula & assumptions

Bulk density: kg/m³ → lb/ft³

formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16

lb/ft³ = kg/m³ × (1 ÷ 0.45359237) × 0.3048³ [exact by definition]

Applies to: Any bulk density.

Assumptions

  • The pound (0.45359237 kg) and the foot (0.3048 m) are exactly defined, so this factor is exact rather than measured.

Limitations

  • A unit conversion. It does not make a bulk density into a test weight, which is a graded measurement by a specified apparatus.

Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab)

Bulk density: lb/ft³ → kg/m³

formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16

kg/m³ = lb/ft³ × 0.45359237 ÷ 0.3048³ [exact by definition]

Applies to: Any bulk density.

Assumptions

  • The pound (0.45359237 kg) and the foot (0.3048 m) are exactly defined, so this factor is exact rather than measured.

Limitations

  • A unit conversion. It does not make a bulk density into a test weight, which is a graded measurement by a specified apparatus.

Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab)

Mass → bushels (commodity standard weight)

formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16

bu = (kg ÷ 0.45359237) ÷ standard_bushel_weight_lb

Applies to: Grains and oilseeds with a published standard bushel weight in the jurisdiction concerned.

Assumptions

  • A bushel used as a mass unit is defined by a commodity-specific standard weight, not by volume. Maize and wheat bushels are different masses.
  • The pound is exactly 0.45359237 kg.

Limitations

  • THERE IS NO GENERIC BUSHEL. Without a commodity and the jurisdiction whose standard weight applies, a bushel figure is meaningless — which is why the standard weight is a required input rather than a hidden default.
  • Standard weights are set by the applicable authority or contract and can differ between jurisdictions and over time. Use the one your contract or market names.
  • A standard bushel weight is a defined conversion constant, not the measured test weight of your lot. A lot below standard test weight still converts at the standard weight for volume-to-mass purposes; how a buyer treats the shortfall is a contract matter.

Scope

Not a grading determination. Test weight is a graded measurement, and this is a unit conversion.

Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (opens in a new tab)

Bushels → mass (commodity standard weight)

formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16

kg = bu × standard_bushel_weight_lb × 0.45359237

Applies to: Grains and oilseeds with a published standard bushel weight in the jurisdiction concerned.

Assumptions

  • A bushel used as a mass unit is defined by a commodity-specific standard weight, not by volume.
  • The pound is exactly 0.45359237 kg.

Limitations

  • THERE IS NO GENERIC BUSHEL. Without a commodity and the jurisdiction whose standard weight applies, a bushel figure is meaningless — which is why the standard weight is a required input rather than a hidden default.
  • A standard bushel weight is a defined conversion constant, not the measured test weight of your lot.

Scope

Not a grading determination. Test weight is a graded measurement, and this is a unit conversion.

Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (opens in a new tab)

Percentage → decimal fraction

formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16

fraction = percent ÷ 100

Applies to: Any percentage.

Assumptions

  • A percentage is a fraction expressed per hundred.

Limitations

  • Definitional. It does not tell you what the percentage was denominated on — a wet-basis and a dry-basis percentage convert identically and still mean different things.

Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab)

Decimal fraction → percentage

formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16

percent = fraction × 100

Applies to: Any fraction.

Assumptions

  • A percentage is a fraction expressed per hundred.

Limitations

  • Definitional. It does not tell you what the fraction was denominated on.

Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab)

About this tool

  • US and Imperial gallons differ — check which your data uses. Constants are exact where a legal definition exists.
  • There is no generic bushel. The standard weight applied is commodity-specific and jurisdiction-specific, set by the applicable authority or contract, and it can differ between jurisdictions and over time. Use the one your contract or market names.
  • A standard bushel weight is a defined conversion constant, not the measured test weight of your lot. Nor is bulk density test weight: test weight is a graded measurement made by a specified apparatus and procedure.

Educational reference — not a prescription

Not a grading determination. Bushel standard weights and bulk density are unit conversions; test weight and grade are measurements made under a specified procedure by the applicable standard, and no conversion here establishes a grade, a contract quantity, or a settlement figure.

  • These calculators are for education and reference. The quality of any result depends entirely on the accuracy of the values you enter.
  • Local agronomic conditions, legal requirements, product labels, and professional advice may override a general calculation.
  • Results are not pesticide, fertilizer, irrigation, or veterinary prescriptions, and are not a substitute for advice from a qualified agronomist or your local extension service.