Calculator · conversion
Yield converter
Converts a crop yield between t/ha, kg/ha, lb/acre, and commodity-specific bu/acre.
Result
Enter values to see a result.
Formula & assumptions
Yield: t/ha → kg/ha
formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16kg/ha = t/ha × 1000
Applies to: Any yield expressed per unit area.
Assumptions
- Metric tonne = 1000 kg, by definition.
Limitations
- An exact definitional scaling.
Yield: kg/ha → t/ha
formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16t/ha = kg/ha ÷ 1000
Applies to: Any yield expressed per unit area.
Assumptions
- Metric tonne = 1000 kg, by definition.
Limitations
- An exact definitional scaling.
Yield: kg/ha → lb/acre
formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16lb/acre = kg/ha ÷ 0.45359237 ÷ (10000 ÷ 4046.8564224) [exact by definition]
Applies to: Any yield expressed per unit area.
Assumptions
- The pound (0.45359237 kg) and the acre (4046.8564224 m²) are exactly defined, so the factor is exact rather than measured.
Limitations
- A unit conversion. It carries no commodity dependence and no bushel convention.
Yield: lb/acre → kg/ha
formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16kg/ha = lb/acre × 0.45359237 × (10000 ÷ 4046.8564224) [exact by definition]
Applies to: Any yield expressed per unit area.
Assumptions
- The pound and the acre are exactly defined, so the factor is exact.
Limitations
- A unit conversion, with no commodity dependence.
Yield: kg/ha → bu/acre (commodity standard weight)
formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16bu/acre = (kg/ha ÷ 0.45359237 ÷ (10000 ÷ 4046.8564224)) ÷ standard_bushel_weight_lb
Applies to: Grains with a published standard bushel weight in the jurisdiction concerned.
Assumptions
- The lb/acre step is exact by definition; the bushel step applies the commodity’s standard weight convention.
Limitations
- THERE IS NO GENERIC BUSHEL. The standard weight is a property of the commodity and the jurisdiction, not of the unit — which is why it is a required input rather than a default.
- A bushel is properly a unit of VOLUME (the US bushel is 2150.42 in³). Its use as a mass unit is a per-commodity trade convention, and that convention is what this conversion applies.
- Standard weights here are United States conventions. Most jurisdictions trade these grains by mass and do not use a bushel at all.
Scope
Not a grading determination. A standard bushel weight is a fixed conversion constant fixed by the applicable jurisdiction; a lot’s test weight is a measured property of that lot and routinely differs from it. Converting at the standard weight says nothing about whether a lot meets a grade, and what a buyer does about a test-weight shortfall is a contract matter.
Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (opens in a new tab)
Yield: bu/acre → kg/ha (commodity standard weight)
formula v1.0.0 · calc v1 · reviewed 2026-07-16kg/ha = (bu/acre × standard_bushel_weight_lb) × 0.45359237 × (10000 ÷ 4046.8564224)
Applies to: Grains with a published standard bushel weight in the jurisdiction concerned.
Assumptions
- The bushel step applies the commodity’s standard weight convention; the lb/acre step is exact by definition.
Limitations
- THERE IS NO GENERIC BUSHEL. The standard weight is a property of the commodity and the jurisdiction, not of the unit — which is why it is a required input rather than a default.
- A bushel is properly a unit of VOLUME (the US bushel is 2150.42 in³). Its use as a mass unit is a per-commodity trade convention, and that convention is what this conversion applies.
- Standard weights here are United States conventions. Most jurisdictions trade these grains by mass and do not use a bushel at all.
Scope
Not a grading determination. A standard bushel weight is a fixed conversion constant fixed by the applicable jurisdiction; a lot’s test weight is a measured property of that lot and routinely differs from it. Converting at the standard weight says nothing about whether a lot meets a grade, and what a buyer does about a test-weight shortfall is a contract matter.
Sources: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce (opens in a new tab), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (opens in a new tab)
About this tool
- Bushel conversions apply the commodity’s standard weight, which is a fixed conversion constant — not the measured test weight of a lot, which routinely differs.
- The standard weights offered are United States conventions. Most jurisdictions trade these grains by mass and do not use a bushel; a commodity not listed has no supported bushel conversion here.
- A yield conversion changes the unit, not the measurement: it inherits whatever moisture basis, area basis, and sampling the original figure carried.
Educational reference — not a prescription
A unit conversion, not a yield estimate, a grading determination, or a settlement figure. Converting at a standard bushel weight says nothing about whether a lot meets a grade.
- These calculators are for education and reference. The quality of any result depends entirely on the accuracy of the values you enter.
- Local agronomic conditions, legal requirements, product labels, and professional advice may override a general calculation.
- Results are not pesticide, fertilizer, irrigation, or veterinary prescriptions, and are not a substitute for advice from a qualified agronomist or your local extension service.