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Cultivar · Maize inbred line

Mo17

Mo17 is a public maize inbred line released by the University of Missouri in 1964 and belonging to the Lancaster Sure Crop heterotic group. Its cross with the Stiff Stalk line B73 is a classic model of hybrid vigour in temperate maize.

Dated referenceLast reviewed: 2026-07-12Updated: 2026-07-12
Illustrative diagram · AgricultureID (original)

Record

Cultivar / variety
Variety of
Maize
Botanical taxon
Zea mays
Type
Inbred line
Breeding method
Inbreeding of Lancaster Sure Crop–derived germplasm
Origin
Missouri, United States
Released
1964
Breeder / institution
University of Missouri (Columbia), with USDA cooperation
Registry status
Historical
Registries
  • USDA GRIN · United States · as of 2026-07-12Mo17 is maintained as a public maize inbred accession in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System; specific record identifiers are not reproduced here.
Adaptation
Temperate maize adapted to U.S. Corn Belt conditions; used as a breeding parent rather than grown for commercial grain on its own.
Intended use
Public inbred parent line for hybrid maize breeding, Reference germplasm for maize genetics and heterosis research, Teaching and research material

Registry listing or variety protection is jurisdiction- and date-specific and does not by itself indicate current commercial availability, universal cultivation approval, patent status, or a recommendation.

Mo17 is a public inbred line of maize released by the University of Missouri at Columbia in 1964. It is assigned to the "Lancaster Sure Crop" (non-Stiff-Stalk) heterotic group, tracing to the Lancaster Sure Crop open-pollinated germplasm pool that underlies many Corn Belt lines complementary to the Stiff Stalk pool.

As an inbred line, Mo17 is used as a parent in hybrid production and as a stable reference in research rather than grown for commercial grain in its own right. It is best known as the non-Stiff-Stalk partner in the widely studied B73 × Mo17 single cross.

Background and development

Mo17 was released in 1964 from the University of Missouri’s maize breeding program at Columbia and is documented as belonging to the Lancaster Sure Crop heterotic group. Lancaster-group lines derive from the Lancaster Sure Crop open-pollinated variety and are typically used as complements to Stiff Stalk (Reid’s Yellow Dent heritage) lines in temperate hybrid maize.

The distinction between the Stiff Stalk and Lancaster (non-Stiff-Stalk) pools is a central organizing principle of North American temperate maize breeding, because crossing lines from complementary pools tends to maximize hybrid vigour.

Breeding and research significance

The B73 × Mo17 single cross, combining a Stiff Stalk line with Mo17 from the Lancaster group, has been studied for decades as a reference example of heterosis and of the complementarity between the two major temperate heterotic pools.

Mo17 continues to serve as a public parent line and a common genetic reference. Because it is public germplasm, it is broadly available for breeding and research through the national germplasm system.

Status and availability

Scope & limitations

Geographic scope: Developed in Missouri, United States, for temperate maize breeding; used internationally in research and public breeding programs.

Climate context: Temperate maize germplasm; adaptation and performance are environment-specific and evaluated in a breeding context rather than as a stand-alone crop.

  • Mo17 is a public inbred line and research reference, not a commercial hybrid; its per-plant grain performance is not representative of the hybrids to which it contributes.
  • Detailed parentage within the Lancaster Sure Crop pool is described differently across sources, so the exact founding cross is not asserted here.

Sources

This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.

  1. Authoritative

    Cited for: Maintenance of Mo17 as a public maize inbred accession

    Type:
    Official registry
    Jurisdiction:
    United States / Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  2. [2]USDA ARS — Agricultural Research Service (opens in a new tab)

    USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS)

    Authoritative

    Cited for: Maize heterotic-group history and Lancaster/Stiff Stalk germplasm research

    Type:
    Government agency
    Jurisdiction:
    United States
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12

Crops