AgricultureID

State · IN-MP

Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh, in central India, has a tropical-to-subtropical climate with a hot summer, a June–September monsoon, and a dry winter. The Malwa plateau and the Narmada valley form its principal farming belts.

Major crop systems

  • Soybean — a leading producing state and a major soybean hub
  • Wheat
  • Gram (chickpea) and other pulses
  • Maize
  • Cotton in the west

Major livestock systems

  • Dairy (cattle and buffalo)
  • Goats

Agricultural land: Cropland covers much of the plateau and river valleys, with a strong monsoon (kharif) soybean season followed by a winter (rabi) wheat and gram season, partly rainfed and partly irrigated. Irrigation: The monsoon soybean crop is largely rainfed, while the winter wheat and gram crops depend on canal, tank and tubewell irrigation and on residual soil moisture.

Agroecological zones: Aw (Tropical savanna (dry winter)), Cwa (Dry-winter humid subtropical)

Documented crops & livestock

Official institutions

  • Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) — National research system; ICAR–Indian Institute of Soybean Research is based at Indore.
  • Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur — A state agricultural university serving Madhya Pradesh.
  • Department of Farmer Welfare and Agriculture Development, Government of Madhya Pradesh — State authority for agricultural administration and statistics.

Data coverage & limitations

Descriptive profile; subnational agricultural statistics for Madhya Pradesh are published by ICAR, the state agricultural universities, and the state Department of Farmer Welfare and Agriculture Development (with national aggregates by FAO) and are not reproduced numerically here.

  • Administrative boundaries and the region code follow the official ISO 3166-2 system; this profile does not redraw them.
  • Any agricultural statistics are dated and source-specific; where an official figure is not reproduced here, consult ICAR and the state Department of Farmer Welfare and Agriculture Development directly.
  • Descriptions of production leadership (e.g. soybean) are qualitative; ranking depends on the year and reporting source.

Sources

This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.

  1. [1]ICAR — national agricultural research system of India (opens in a new tab)

    Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)

    High

    Cited for: Crop systems and soybean research context

    Type:
    Research institute
    Jurisdiction:
    India
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  2. [2]FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization (opens in a new tab)

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Authoritative

    Cited for: National agricultural context

    Type:
    Intergovernmental organization
    Jurisdiction:
    Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12