AgricultureID

State · BR-GO

Goiás

A tropical savanna (Cerrado) climate with a hot, wet summer and a marked dry winter, concentrating rainfed cropping into the October–April rainy season.

Major crop systems

  • Summer soybean as the leading grain crop
  • Second-crop ("safrinha") maize following soybean within the same season
  • Sorghum as a drought-tolerant second-crop alternative to maize
  • Cotton and sugarcane in rotation on parts of the plateau

Major livestock systems

  • Extensive and semi-intensive beef cattle on Cerrado and cultivated pastures
  • Dairy cattle in the south and southwest
  • Growing confined poultry and swine linked to local grain supply

Agricultural land: A central-Cerrado state where corrected, flat plateau soils support large-scale mechanised grain farming alongside one of Brazil's largest cattle herds. Irrigation: Cropping is predominantly rainfed within the wet season; centre-pivot irrigation is locally important for second crops and horticulture on the plateaus.

Agroecological zones: Aw (Tropical savanna (dry winter))

Documented crops & livestock

Official institutions

  • Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) — National statistical institute; agricultural census and municipal production surveys.
  • Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (CONAB) — Federal crop-supply agency; official grain production and harvest surveys.
  • Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) — Federal agricultural research corporation; Embrapa Arroz e Feijão (Santo Antônio de Goiás) is based in the state.
  • Secretaria de Estado de Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (SEAPA) / Emater-GO — State agriculture secretariat and rural-extension agency.

Data coverage & limitations

Descriptive profile; subnational statistics for Goiás are published by IBGE, CONAB, Embrapa and the state secretariat (SEAPA) and are not reproduced numerically here.

  • Boundaries and administrative classifications follow the official ISO 3166-2 code BR-GO.
  • Any production statistics are dated, source-specific and periodically revised; read them with their year and dataset version.
  • The Federal District (Brasília) is a separate unit and is not included in the state's figures.

Sources

This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.

  1. [1]Embrapa — Brazilian agricultural research corporation (opens in a new tab)

    Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa)

    High

    Cited for: Cerrado grain and beef systems agronomy

    Type:
    Research institute
    Jurisdiction:
    Brazil
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  2. [2]FAOSTAT — FAO statistical database (opens in a new tab)

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Authoritative

    Cited for: National production and yield context

    Type:
    Intergovernmental organization
    Jurisdiction:
    Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12