Country agriculture profile · East Asia & Pacific
Viet Nam
Viet Nam is one of the world’s leading agricultural exporters, transformed since the Doi Moi reforms of the 1980s from food deficit to a major exporter of rice, coffee, and other commodities. Rice grown intensively in the Mekong and Red River deltas underpins food security, while the Central Highlands make the country a dominant global source of robusta coffee, alongside significant tea, pepper, cashew, and rubber. Production is dominated by smallholders farming small, fragmented plots at high cropping intensity.
Farming systems (stable overview)
Climate zones
- Tropical monsoon (south)
- Humid subtropical (north)
- Distinct wet and dry seasons with typhoon exposure
Agroecological zones
- Mekong River Delta (southern rice and aquaculture bowl)
- Red River Delta (northern intensive rice)
- Central Highlands perennial tree-crop belt
- Northern and central mountainous uplands
Dominant crop systems
- Intensive multi-cropped irrigated rice in the Mekong and Red River deltas
- Perennial tree crops in the Central Highlands — robusta coffee, pepper, tea, and rubber
- Cashew and fruit orchards
- Integrated rice-aquaculture systems in the Mekong Delta
Major livestock systems
- Smallholder pigs, the dominant source of meat
- Expanding commercial and household poultry
- Buffalo and cattle for draft, meat, and increasingly dairy
Irrigation: Dense delta irrigation and drainage networks enable double- and triple-cropping of rice, but the Mekong Delta is increasingly threatened by salinity intrusion, upstream dams, and land subsidence.
Latest verified data
Each value is the most recent available observation, shown with its own year and unit. Figures are periodically revised — treat them as dated, sourced statistics, not evergreen facts.
| Indicator | Value | Unit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural land | 39.21 | % of land area | 2023 |
| Arable land | 21.47 | % of land area | 2023 |
| Cereal yield | 5,995.3 | kg per hectare | 2023 |
| Cereal production | 47,935,652.71 | metric tons | 2023 |
| Crop production index | 109.55 | index (2014–2016 = 100) | 2022 |
| Agriculture value added | 12.03 | % of GDP | 2024 |
| Employment in agriculture(est.) | 25.87 | % of total employment | 2024 |
| Rural population | 61.51 | % of total population | 2024 |
Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12
Commodity market data
5,034 official observations across 53 commodities. Figures are shown on each commodity page with the unit, status and release its source published.
| Commodity | Metrics recorded |
|---|---|
| Almonds | Imports, Import value |
| Avocados | Exports, Export value |
| Bananas | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Barley Grain | Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Feed use, Imports, Import value |
| Black Peppercorns | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cashew Nuts | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cassava Roots | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price |
| Chickpeas | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cocoa Beans | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cotton Lint | Production, Beginning stocks, Ending stocks, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Import value |
| Cottonseed | Production, Imports, Import value |
| Cowpeas | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cucumbers | Exports, Export value |
| Dates | Imports, Import value |
| Dried Chillies | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dried Tobacco Leaf | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Beans | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Bulb Onions | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Peas | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Flaxseed | Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Apples | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Oranges | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Pineapples | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Strawberries | Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Tomatoes | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Green Coffee | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Groundnuts | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Hazelnuts | Imports, Import value |
| Head Cabbage | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Hen Eggs | Production, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Jute Fibre | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Lentils | Imports, Import value |
| Maize Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Milled Rice | Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Export value, Import value |
| Millet Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Oat Grain | Imports, Import value |
| Pistachios | Imports, Import value |
| Rapeseed | Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Imports, Import value |
| Raw Cow Milk | Production, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Raw Wool | Imports, Import value |
| Rice Paddy | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sesame Seed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sorghum Grain | Imports, Import value |
| Soybeans | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Sugarcane | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sunflower Seed | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sweet Potatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Tea Leaf | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Vanilla Beans | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Walnuts | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Ware Potatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Wheat Grain | Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Export value, Import value |
| Yams | Exports, Export value |
Cereal yield over time
Show data table
| Year | kg per hectare |
|---|---|
| 2012 | 5,462 |
| 2013 | 5,425.5 |
| 2014 | 5,577.8 |
| 2015 | 5,601.2 |
| 2016 | 5,441 |
| 2017 | 5,434.4 |
| 2018 | 5,685.4 |
| 2019 | 5,715.8 |
| 2020 | 5,797.3 |
| 2021 | 5,947.1 |
| 2022 | 5,903.9 |
| 2023 | 5,995.3 |
Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12
Derived indicator
Arable land as a share of agricultural land: 54.7 % of agricultural land (2023)
Derived value — formula arable-share-of-agricultural-land v1.0.0 (calc v1). Inputs: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS (21.5) ÷ AG.LND.AGRI.ZS (39.2). A derived ratio, not an observed statistic. Sensitive to rounding and to differing revision cycles of the two source series; omit rather than extrapolate when a common year is unavailable.
Documented crops & livestock
Agricultural institutions
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) — National ministry responsible for agriculture, forestry, fisheries, irrigation, and rural development.
- Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS) — National agricultural research network of institutes coordinating crop and farming-systems research.
Data coverage & limitations
Covered by the World Bank WDI snapshots for land, production, yield, economy, inputs, and environment indicators.
| Layer | Status | What is held |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural authorities | Not yet indexed | — |
| Official registries | Not yet indexed | — |
| Compliance requirements | Not yet indexed | — |
| Support programmes | Not yet indexed | — |
| Biosecurity listings | Not yet indexed | — |
| Variety registrations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Input authorisations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Extension resources | Not yet indexed | — |
| Market statistics | Covered | 362 records |
| Soil survey observations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Border requirements | Not yet indexed | — |
| Farm economics figures | Not yet indexed | — |
| Climate, drought and water values | Covered | 25 records |
This page describes what AgricultureID has indexed, not what exists. A layer shown as not yet indexed means nobody has looked, and never that the thing is absent in that country. How coverage is worked out.
- Statistics are dated, versioned, and periodically revised; single-year figures should not be read as a fixed baseline.
- National definitions of agricultural land, holdings, and commodities differ from those used by other countries, limiting direct comparison.
- National aggregates hide the concentration of robusta coffee in the Central Highlands and of rice in the two deltas.
- Farm structure is dominated by very small, fragmented smallholdings, and the Mekong Delta faces mounting climate and salinity risks.
Sources
This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.
- Authoritative
Cited for: Agricultural statistics (WDI)
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12
- [2]FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization (opens in a new tab)Authoritative
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Cited for: Production, land-use, and commodity context
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12