AgricultureID

Country agriculture profile · Europe & Central Asia

Czechia

Czechia's agriculture is built on large, highly mechanised arable farms — a structural legacy of twentieth-century collectivisation that left the country with some of the biggest average holdings in the European Union. Winter wheat, spring malting barley, oilseed rape and sugar beet dominate the fertile Bohemian and Moravian lowlands, while the historic Saaz (Žatec) region supplies hops to a deep national brewing tradition. Pig and cattle husbandry complement the cropping, and extensive uplands keep the country heavily forested. An EU member since 2004, its farm sector operates within the Common Agricultural Policy.

Stable overview + dated statisticsUpdated: 2026-07-12

Farming systems (stable overview)

Climate zones

  • Temperate oceanic-to-continental
  • Cooler montane uplands

Agroecological zones

  • Bohemian basin
  • Moravian lowlands
  • Bohemian-Moravian uplands

Dominant crop systems

  • Winter wheat and spring malting barley
  • Oilseed rape and sugar beet on the lowlands
  • Hops in the Saaz (Žatec) region
  • Large-scale mechanised arable farms

Major livestock systems

  • Pig husbandry
  • Dairy and beef cattle
  • Poultry

Irrigation: Agriculture is largely rainfed, with modest irrigation reserved for vegetables, orchards, hops, and vineyards in the drier lowlands.

Latest verified data

Each value is the most recent available observation, shown with its own year and unit. Figures are periodically revised — treat them as dated, sourced statistics, not evergreen facts.

Latest available agricultural indicators, with year and unit
IndicatorValueUnitYear
Agricultural land45.8% of land area2023
Arable land32.71% of land area2023
Cereal yield6,070.1kg per hectare2023
Crop production index93.98index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
Livestock production index102.33index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
Agriculture value added1.9% of GDP2024
Forest area34.76% of land area2023
Fertilizer consumption113.43kg per hectare of arable land2023

Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12

Commodity market data

5,481 official observations across 60 commodities. Figures are shown on each commodity page with the unit, status and release its source published.

Commodities with official market series for this country
CommodityMetrics recorded
AlmondsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
AvocadosExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
BananasExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Barley GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Black PeppercornsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Buckwheat GrainExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Cashew NutsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
ChickpeasExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Cocoa BeansExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Cotton LintBeginning stocks, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Export value, Import value
CottonseedExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
CucumbersArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
DatesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dried ChilliesIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dried Tobacco LeafExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dry BeansIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dry Bulb OnionsArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dry PeasArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Flax FibreImports, Import value
FlaxseedArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh ApplesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh BlueberriesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh OrangesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh PineapplesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh StrawberriesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh SweetcornExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh TomatoesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Green CoffeeExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
GroundnutsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
HazelnutsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Head CabbageArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Hemp FibreArea harvested, Production, Yield, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Hen EggsProduction, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Jute FibreExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
LentilsIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Maize GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Milled RiceExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Millet GrainIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Oat GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
PistachiosExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
RapeseedArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Raw Cow MilkProduction, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Raw WoolIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Rice PaddyExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Rye GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Safflower SeedExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sesame SeedExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sorghum GrainExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
SoybeansArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sugar BeetArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
SugarcaneImports, Import value
Sunflower SeedArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sweet PotatoesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Tea LeafExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Triticale GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Vanilla BeansExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
WalnutsArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Ware PotatoesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Wheat GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
YamsImports, Import value

How these figures are recorded

Cereal yield over time

201220182023
Czechia — Cereal yield (kg per hectare). Bars start at zero.
Show data table
Czechia — Cereal yield in kg per hectare by year
Yearkg per hectare
20124,529.5
20135,309.3
20146,219.8
20155,880.6
20166,317
20175,497.5
20185,206.9
20195,653.2
20206,042.7
20216,113
20225,929.6
20236,070.1

Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12

Derived indicator

Arable land as a share of agricultural land: 71.4 % of agricultural land (2023)

Derived value — formula arable-share-of-agricultural-land v1.0.0 (calc v1). Inputs: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS (32.7) ÷ AG.LND.AGRI.ZS (45.8). A derived ratio, not an observed statistic. Sensitive to rounding and to differing revision cycles of the two source series; omit rather than extrapolate when a common year is unavailable.

Documented crops & livestock

Agricultural institutions

  • Crop Research Institute (VÚRV) — National public research institute for crop production and plant genetic resources at Prague-Ruzyně.
  • Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic — National agricultural policy and CAP implementation authority.

Agricultural authorities

Official public bodies verified against government sources. AgricultureID is independent and not affiliated with them.

  • Ministerstvo zemědělstvíMinistry

    Czechia’s national ministry of agriculture. Its official portal organises public content under agriculture, subsidies and a dedicated farmer portal, alongside the ministry’s own institutional pages.

All agricultural authorities

Data coverage & limitations

Covered by the World Bank WDI snapshots for land, production, yield, economy, inputs, and environment indicators.

What AgricultureID has indexed for Czechia
LayerStatusWhat is held
Agricultural authoritiesCovered1 record
Official registriesNot yet indexed—
Compliance requirementsNot yet indexed—
Support programmesNot yet indexed—
Biosecurity listingsNot yet indexed—
Variety registrationsCovered5 records
Input authorisationsNot yet indexed—
Extension resourcesNot yet indexed—
Market statisticsCovered370 records
Soil survey observationsNot yet indexed—
Border requirementsNot yet indexed—
Farm economics figuresCovered774 records
Climate, drought and water valuesCovered52 records

This page describes what AgricultureID has indexed, not what exists. A layer shown as not yet indexed means nobody has looked, and never that the thing is absent in that country. How coverage is worked out.

  • Statistics are dated, versioned, and periodically revised, so each figure must be read with its year, unit, and dataset version.
  • National definitions, survey methods, and coverage differ between countries, so cross-country comparisons should be made with care.
  • Farm structure is dominated by large corporate and cooperative entities, which skews per-holding averages.
  • Drought sensitivity of the rainfed lowlands drives year-to-year yield variability.

Sources

This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.

  1. [1]World Bank Open Data — World Development Indicators (opens in a new tab)

    World Bank

    Authoritative

    Cited for: Agricultural statistics (WDI)

    Type:
    Intergovernmental organization
    Jurisdiction:
    Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  2. [2]European Commission — Agriculture and rural development (opens in a new tab)

    European Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture

    Authoritative

    Cited for: EU Common Agricultural Policy context

    Type:
    Government agency
    Jurisdiction:
    European Union
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  3. [3]FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization (opens in a new tab)

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Authoritative

    Cited for: Production and food-balance context

    Type:
    Intergovernmental organization
    Jurisdiction:
    Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12