Country agriculture profile · Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan
Morocco
Morocco’s agriculture is shaped by a steep gradient from the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts through semi-arid plains to the arid pre-Saharan south, with the Atlas Mountains dividing wetter zones from drier ones. Rainfed cereals — soft and durum wheat and barley — occupy the largest area but swing sharply with year-to-year rainfall, making drought the defining risk to the sector. Irrigated perimeters in the Souss, Gharb, and Doukkala support the high-value citrus, early vegetables, and olives that anchor export horticulture, while sheep and goat herding remains central to rural livelihoods across the mountains and steppe. National strategy, set out first in the Plan Maroc Vert and continued under Generation Green, has prioritised irrigation efficiency, value addition, and resilience to water stress.
Farming systems (stable overview)
Climate zones
- Mediterranean
- Semi-arid
- Arid / Saharan
- Highland (Atlas Mountains)
Agroecological zones
- Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal plains
- Semi-arid rainfed interior plains (bour)
- Atlas Mountains
- Pre-Saharan oases
Dominant crop systems
- Rainfed cereals — soft and durum wheat and barley — on the plains
- Irrigated export horticulture (citrus, tomato, and early vegetables) in the Souss, Gharb, and Doukkala perimeters
- Olive groves, both rainfed and irrigated
- Date palms and argan in the arid south
- Mountain and steppe fodder supporting grazing herds
Major livestock systems
- Extensive sheep and goat pastoralism on rangelands and mountains
- Smallholder and commercial dairy cattle
- Poultry
Irrigation: Public irrigation perimeters fed by dams underpin high-value horticulture, yet the bulk of the cultivated area is rainfed and highly vulnerable to recurrent drought.
Latest verified data
Each value is the most recent available observation, shown with its own year and unit. Figures are periodically revised — treat them as dated, sourced statistics, not evergreen facts.
| Indicator | Value | Unit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural land | 66.74 | % of land area | 2023 |
| Arable land | 15.4 | % of land area | 2023 |
| Cereal yield | 1,240.1 | kg per hectare | 2024 |
| Agriculture value added | 10.57 | % of GDP | 2024 |
| Employment in agriculture(est.) | 28.27 | % of total employment | 2024 |
| Irrigated agricultural land | 5.96 | % of agricultural land | 2019 |
| Average precipitation | 346 | mm per year | 2022 |
| Rural population | 37.2 | % of total population | 2024 |
Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12
Commodity market data
6,270 official observations across 57 commodities. Figures are shown on each commodity page with the unit, status and release its source published.
| Commodity | Metrics recorded |
|---|---|
| Almonds | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Avocados | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Bananas | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Imports, Import value |
| Barley Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Import value |
| Black Peppercorns | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Buckwheat Grain | Imports, Import value |
| Cashew Nuts | Imports, Import value |
| Chickpeas | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cocoa Beans | Imports, Import value |
| Cotton Lint | Production, Beginning stocks, Ending stocks, Imports, Index value, Exports, Export value, Import value |
| Cottonseed | Production, Index value, Imports, Import value |
| Cucumbers | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value |
| Dates | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dried Chillies | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dried Tobacco Leaf | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Beans | Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Bulb Onions | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Peas | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Flaxseed | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Apples | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Blueberries | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Oranges | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Pineapples | Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Strawberries | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Sweetcorn | Exports, Export value |
| Fresh Tomatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Green Coffee | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Groundnuts | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Imports, Index value, Producer price |
| Hazelnuts | Imports, Import value |
| Head Cabbage | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Hemp Fibre | Imports, Import value |
| Hen Eggs | Production, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Jute Fibre | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Lentils | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Maize Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Milled Rice | Domestic use, Imports, Exports, Export value, Import value |
| Millet Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Oat Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Import value |
| Pistachios | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Rapeseed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Domestic use, Imports, Index value, Import value |
| Raw Cow Milk | Production, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Raw Wool | Production, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Rice Paddy | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Imports, Import value |
| Rye Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Imports, Import value |
| Safflower Seed | Imports, Import value |
| Sesame Seed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sorghum Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Domestic use, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Import value |
| Soybeans | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Imports, Index value, Import value |
| Sugar Beet | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value |
| Sugarcane | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sunflower Seed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Import value |
| Sweet Potatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value |
| Tea Leaf | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Vanilla Beans | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Walnuts | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Imports, Import value |
| Ware Potatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Wheat Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
Cereal yield over time
Show data table
| Year | kg per hectare |
|---|---|
| 2013 | 1,828.3 |
| 2014 | 1,454.3 |
| 2015 | 2,140.7 |
| 2016 | 936 |
| 2017 | 1,757.4 |
| 2018 | 2,263.2 |
| 2019 | 1,453.6 |
| 2020 | 747.4 |
| 2021 | 2,328.7 |
| 2022 | 943.3 |
| 2023 | 1,482.1 |
| 2024 | 1,240.1 |
Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12
Derived indicator
Arable land as a share of agricultural land: 23.1 % of agricultural land (2023)
Derived value — formula arable-share-of-agricultural-land v1.0.0 (calc v1). Inputs: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS (15.4) ÷ AG.LND.AGRI.ZS (66.7). A derived ratio, not an observed statistic. Sensitive to rounding and to differing revision cycles of the two source series; omit rather than extrapolate when a common year is unavailable.
Documented crops & livestock
Agricultural institutions
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA Morocco) — National agricultural research institute for crop, livestock, and resource-management science.
- Ministry of Agriculture, Maritime Fisheries, Rural Development and Water and Forests — Leads national agricultural strategy, articulated first through the Plan Maroc Vert (Green Morocco Plan) and continued under Generation Green.
Data coverage & limitations
Covered by the World Bank WDI snapshots for land, production, yield, economy, inputs, and environment indicators, compiled largely from FAO and national sources.
| Layer | Status | What is held |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural authorities | Not yet indexed | — |
| Official registries | Not yet indexed | — |
| Compliance requirements | Not yet indexed | — |
| Support programmes | Not yet indexed | — |
| Biosecurity listings | Not yet indexed | — |
| Variety registrations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Input authorisations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Extension resources | Not yet indexed | — |
| Market statistics | Covered | 426 records |
| Soil survey observations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Border requirements | Not yet indexed | — |
| Farm economics figures | Not yet indexed | — |
| Climate, drought and water values | Covered | 54 records |
This page describes what AgricultureID has indexed, not what exists. A layer shown as not yet indexed means nobody has looked, and never that the thing is absent in that country. How coverage is worked out.
- Agricultural statistics are dated, versioned, and periodically revised; always read them together with their observation year and dataset version.
- National statistical definitions — of agricultural land, irrigated area, holdings, and livestock categories — differ between countries and over time, which limits strict cross-country comparison.
- Cereal harvests are highly sensitive to seasonal rainfall, and a single dry or wet year can swing national output dramatically.
- Area and production estimates for rainfed smallholdings carry larger uncertainty than those for the managed irrigated perimeters.
Sources
This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.
- Authoritative
Cited for: Agricultural statistics (WDI)
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12
- [2]FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization (opens in a new tab)Authoritative
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Cited for: Production systems, irrigation, and food-balance context
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12