Country agriculture profile · Europe & Central Asia
Ukraine
Ukraine farms some of the world's most fertile chernozem black-earth soils, spread across its forest-steppe and steppe belts, and ranks among the leading global exporters of grain and oilseeds. Winter wheat, maize, barley, sunflower and rapeseed dominate a largely rainfed, highly mechanised cropping sector organised around both large agroholdings and smallholder household plots. As a major supplier of wheat, maize and sunflower oil shipped through Black Sea ports, the country occupies an outsized place in world food security. It is an EU candidate country rather than a member, so its agriculture lies outside the Common Agricultural Policy.
Farming systems (stable overview)
Climate zones
- Temperate continental
- Semi-arid steppe (south)
Agroecological zones
- Polissia mixed woodland (north)
- Forest-steppe
- Steppe
Dominant crop systems
- Rainfed winter wheat and barley on chernozem black soils
- Maize in the forest-steppe
- Sunflower and rapeseed across the steppe
- Sugar beet in the central belt
Major livestock systems
- Dairy and beef cattle
- Intensive pig and poultry production
- Smallholder household livestock
Irrigation: Farming is overwhelmingly rainfed on moisture-retentive black soils, with irrigation historically concentrated in the semi-arid south around the lower Dnipro.
Latest verified data
Each value is the most recent available observation, shown with its own year and unit. Figures are periodically revised — treat them as dated, sourced statistics, not evergreen facts.
| Indicator | Value | Unit | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural land | 71.3 | % of land area | 2023 |
| Arable land | 56.82 | % of land area | 2023 |
| Cereal yield | 5,147.7 | kg per hectare | 2024 |
| Cereal production | 55,651,880 | metric tons | 2024 |
| Crop production index | 90.06 | index (2014–2016 = 100) | 2022 |
| Agriculture value added | 7.29 | % of GDP | 2024 |
| Employment in agriculture(est.) | 14.12 | % of total employment | 2021 |
| Rural population | 30.47 | % of total population | 2024 |
Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12
Commodity market data
6,382 official observations across 55 commodities. Figures are shown on each commodity page with the unit, status and release its source published.
| Commodity | Metrics recorded |
|---|---|
| Almonds | Area harvested, Production, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Avocados | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Bananas | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Barley Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Black Peppercorns | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Buckwheat Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Chickpeas | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cocoa Beans | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Cotton Lint | Beginning stocks, Ending stocks, Imports, Import value |
| Cucumbers | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dates | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dried Chillies | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dried Tobacco Leaf | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Beans | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Bulb Onions | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Dry Peas | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Flax Fibre | Area harvested, Production, Yield |
| Flaxseed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Apples | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Blueberries | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price |
| Fresh Oranges | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Pineapples | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Strawberries | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Fresh Sweetcorn | Area harvested, Production, Yield |
| Fresh Tomatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Green Coffee | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Hazelnuts | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value |
| Head Cabbage | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Hemp Fibre | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Hen Eggs | Production, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value |
| Jute Fibre | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Lentils | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Maize Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Milled Rice | Domestic use, Exports, Imports, Export value, Import value |
| Millet Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Domestic use, Feed use, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Oat Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Pistachios | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Rapeseed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Raw Cow Milk | Production, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Raw Wool | Production, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Rice Paddy | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Rye Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Safflower Seed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Exports, Export value |
| Sesame Seed | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Sorghum Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Export value, Import value |
| Soybeans | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Sugar Beet | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value |
| Sugarcane | Imports, Import value |
| Sunflower Seed | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
| Sweet Potatoes | Imports, Import value |
| Tea Leaf | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Vanilla Beans | Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Walnuts | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Ware Potatoes | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value |
| Wheat Grain | Area harvested, Production, Yield, Beginning stocks, Domestic use, Ending stocks, Exports, Feed use, Imports, Index value, Producer price, Export value, Import value |
Cereal yield over time
Show data table
| Year | kg per hectare |
|---|---|
| 2013 | 4,030.8 |
| 2014 | 4,400.2 |
| 2015 | 4,140.9 |
| 2016 | 4,651.6 |
| 2017 | 4,314.6 |
| 2018 | 4,850.3 |
| 2019 | 4,978.3 |
| 2020 | 4,295.6 |
| 2021 | 5,454.6 |
| 2022 | 4,614.2 |
| 2023 | 5,578.1 |
| 2024 | 5,147.7 |
Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12
Derived indicator
Arable land as a share of agricultural land: 79.7 % of agricultural land (2023)
Derived value — formula arable-share-of-agricultural-land v1.0.0 (calc v1). Inputs: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS (56.8) ÷ AG.LND.AGRI.ZS (71.3). A derived ratio, not an observed statistic. Sensitive to rounding and to differing revision cycles of the two source series; omit rather than extrapolate when a common year is unavailable.
Documented crops & livestock
Agricultural institutions
- National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (NAAS) — Coordinates the state network of agricultural research institutes.
- Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine — National agricultural policy, land, and food-security authority.
Data coverage & limitations
Covered by the World Bank WDI snapshots for land, production, yield, economy, inputs, and environment indicators.
| Layer | Status | What is held |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural authorities | Covered | 1 record |
| Official registries | Not yet indexed | — |
| Compliance requirements | Not yet indexed | — |
| Support programmes | Not yet indexed | — |
| Biosecurity listings | Not yet indexed | — |
| Variety registrations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Input authorisations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Extension resources | Not yet indexed | — |
| Market statistics | Covered | 433 records |
| Soil survey observations | Not yet indexed | — |
| Border requirements | Not yet indexed | — |
| Farm economics figures | Not yet indexed | — |
| Climate, drought and water values | Covered | 79 records |
This page describes what AgricultureID has indexed, not what exists. A layer shown as not yet indexed means nobody has looked, and never that the thing is absent in that country. How coverage is worked out.
- Statistics are dated, versioned, and periodically revised, so each figure must be read with its year, unit, and dataset version.
- National definitions, survey methods, and coverage differ between countries, so cross-country comparisons should be made with care.
- Russia's full-scale invasion since 2022 has disrupted production, exports, and statistical collection, and occupied or mined farmland further complicates coverage.
- A substantial share of output comes from informal household plots that are difficult to measure precisely.
Sources
This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.
- Authoritative
Cited for: Agricultural statistics (WDI)
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12
- [2]FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization (opens in a new tab)Authoritative
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Cited for: Production, trade, and food-balance context
- Type:
- Intergovernmental organization
- Jurisdiction:
- Global
- Accessed:
- 2026-07-12