AgricultureID

Country agriculture profile · Europe & Central Asia

France

France is the European Union's largest agricultural producer by value and a cornerstone of European food supply, with a highly diversified sector spanning temperate cereals, oilseeds and sugar beet in the north, grain maize in the southwest, and internationally renowned viticulture and cheese production. Its farming operates within the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), which shapes income support, environmental conditionality and market organisation. The country combines large, mechanised arable farms on the northern plains with quality-differentiated systems governed by protected designations of origin (AOP/AOC) for wines, cheeses and other foods. France is consistently among the world's leading exporters of wheat, wine and dairy products.

Stable overview + dated statistics7 subnational regions →Updated: 2026-07-12

Farming systems (stable overview)

Climate zones

  • Temperate oceanic
  • Semi-continental
  • Mediterranean
  • Mountain (Alpine and Pyrenean)

Agroecological zones

  • Atlantic lowland cropland
  • Mediterranean permanent crops
  • Mountain and upland pasture

Dominant crop systems

  • Rainfed soft wheat, barley and rapeseed on the northern plains (Beauce, Picardy)
  • Grain maize in the southwest, partly irrigated
  • Sugar beet in the northern basins
  • Viticulture across classified wine regions (Bordeaux, Burgundy, Champagne, Rhône)
  • Mediterranean fruit, vegetables and permanent crops in the south

Major livestock systems

  • Extensive beef cattle on grassland (Charolais, Limousin, Massif Central)
  • Dairy cattle in Normandy, Brittany and the east
  • Intensive pig and poultry production in Brittany
  • Sheep on uplands and Mediterranean rangeland

Irrigation: Agriculture is predominantly rainfed, with irrigation concentrated in the southwest and Mediterranean south for grain maize, fruit and vegetables.

Latest verified data

Each value is the most recent available observation, shown with its own year and unit. Figures are periodically revised — treat them as dated, sourced statistics, not evergreen facts.

Latest available agricultural indicators, with year and unit
IndicatorValueUnitYear
Agricultural land52.5% of land area2023
Arable land31.36% of land area2023
Cereal yield6,280.8kg per hectare2024
Cereal production53,553,470metric tons2024
Crop production index94.72index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
Livestock production index93.18index (2014–2016 = 100)2022
Agriculture value added1.3% of GDP2024
Employment in agriculture(est.)2.39% of total employment2024

Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12

Commodity market data

6,133 official observations across 62 commodities. Figures are shown on each commodity page with the unit, status and release its source published.

Commodities with official market series for this country
CommodityMetrics recorded
AlmondsArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
AvocadosArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
BananasExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Barley GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Black PeppercornsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Buckwheat GrainIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Cashew NutsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
ChickpeasExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Cocoa BeansExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Cotton LintBeginning stocks, Ending stocks, Exports, Imports, Export value, Import value
CottonseedExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
CowpeasImports, Import value
CucumbersArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
DatesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dried ChilliesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dried Tobacco LeafArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dry BeansIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dry Bulb OnionsArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Dry PeasArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Flax FibreArea harvested, Production, Yield, Imports, Import value
FlaxseedArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh ApplesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh BlueberriesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh OrangesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh PineapplesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh StrawberriesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh SweetcornArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Fresh TomatoesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Green CoffeeExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
GroundnutsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
HazelnutsArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Head CabbageArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Hemp FibreArea harvested, Production, Yield, Imports, Import value
Hen EggsIndex value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Jute FibreExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
LentilsIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Maize GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Milled RiceExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Millet GrainIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Oat GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Pigeon PeasExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
PistachiosExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
RapeseedArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Raw Cow MilkProduction, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Raw WoolIndex value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Rice PaddyArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Rye GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Safflower SeedExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sesame SeedExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sorghum GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
SoybeansArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sugar BeetArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
SugarcaneExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sunflower SeedArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Sweet PotatoesExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Tea LeafExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Triticale GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Vanilla BeansExports, Export value, Imports, Import value
WalnutsArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Ware PotatoesArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
Wheat GrainArea harvested, Production, Yield, Index value, Producer price, Exports, Export value, Imports, Import value
YamsExports, Export value, Imports, Import value

How these figures are recorded

Cereal yield over time

201320192024
France — Cereal yield (kg per hectare). Bars start at zero.
Show data table
France — Cereal yield in kg per hectare by year
Yearkg per hectare
20137,084.8
20147,579.1
20157,590.5
20165,690.9
20177,306.7
20186,829.1
20197,491.9
20206,394.9
20217,171.3
20226,654.9
20237,274
20246,280.8

Source: World Bank Open Data (World Development Indicators) (opens in a new tab) · dataset version 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-07-12

Derived indicator

Arable land as a share of agricultural land: 59.7 % of agricultural land (2023)

Derived value — formula arable-share-of-agricultural-land v1.0.0 (calc v1). Inputs: AG.LND.ARBL.ZS (31.4) ÷ AG.LND.AGRI.ZS (52.5). A derived ratio, not an observed statistic. Sensitive to rounding and to differing revision cycles of the two source series; omit rather than extrapolate when a common year is unavailable.

Documented crops & livestock

Agricultural institutions

  • INRAE — National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment.
  • Ministère de l'Agriculture et de la Souveraineté alimentaire — National ministry of agriculture and food sovereignty.
  • FranceAgriMer — National establishment for agricultural and fisheries products, providing market data and administering CAP measures.

Agricultural authorities

Official public bodies verified against government sources. AgricultureID is independent and not affiliated with them.

  • Ministère de l'Agriculture, de l'Agro-alimentaire et de la Souveraineté alimentaireMinistry

    France's national ministry responsible for agriculture, the agri-food sector and food sovereignty.

All agricultural authorities

Data coverage & limitations

Covered by the World Bank WDI snapshots for land, production, yield, economy, inputs, and environment indicators.

What AgricultureID has indexed for France
LayerStatusWhat is held
Agricultural authoritiesCovered1 record
Official registriesCovered2 records
Compliance requirementsNot yet indexed—
Support programmesNot yet indexed—
Biosecurity listingsNot yet indexed—
Variety registrationsCovered8 records
Input authorisationsCovered15,140 records
Extension resourcesNot yet indexed—
Market statisticsCovered415 records
Soil survey observationsNot yet indexed—
Border requirementsNot yet indexed—
Farm economics figuresCovered824 records
Climate, drought and water valuesCovered32 records

This page describes what AgricultureID has indexed, not what exists. A layer shown as not yet indexed means nobody has looked, and never that the thing is absent in that country. How coverage is worked out.

  • Statistics are dated, versioned and periodically revised; always read the year and dataset version rather than treating a figure as current.
  • National and EU statistical definitions (for example utilised agricultural area and livestock categories) differ from those of other countries, limiting direct cross-country comparison.
  • Overseas departments such as Réunion, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Guyane have distinct tropical agriculture that country-level aggregates obscure.
  • Wine and other quality-scheme output is economically significant but only partly reflected in tonnage-based production indicators.

Sources

This article draws on the following authoritative sources. See our sources & methodology for how they are selected.

  1. [1]World Bank Open Data — World Development Indicators (opens in a new tab)

    World Bank

    Authoritative

    Cited for: Agricultural statistics (WDI)

    Type:
    Intergovernmental organization
    Jurisdiction:
    Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  2. [2]European Commission — Agriculture and rural development (opens in a new tab)

    European Commission, Directorate-General for Agriculture

    Authoritative

    Cited for: EU Common Agricultural Policy framework and farm statistics

    Type:
    Government agency
    Jurisdiction:
    European Union
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12
  3. [3]FAO — Food and Agriculture Organization (opens in a new tab)

    Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

    Authoritative

    Cited for: Global agriculture and food production context

    Type:
    Intergovernmental organization
    Jurisdiction:
    Global
    Accessed:
    2026-07-12